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Most smoke alarms use one of two common sensing systems for detecting fires:

• Ionization systems are more effective at detecting smoke from fast, flaming fires, which consume combustible materials rapidly and spread quickly.
• Photoelectric systems are more effective at detecting smoke from slow, smoldering fires that typically develop over a long period of time, producing smoke with little heat before bursting into flames.

Either alarm system will detect nearly every type of fire quickly. For added protection install both types of smoke alarms in your home.

Installing Alarms

Alarms should be installed on every floor of your home as well as inside and outside each sleeping area. They should be placed at least three feet away from air vents and exhaust fans and away from the path of steam from bathrooms and cooking fumes.

• Some alarms run on household wiring and are interconnected. If one alarm is activated, they all signal together.
  
  • These alarms require installation by a licensed electrician and should include battery back-up.
• Other alarms run on batteries only. These can be installed easily with a few simple tools.

Studies have shown that not all children awaken to the sound of a smoke alarm. Know how your child will respond before a fire occurs. Also, special alarms with flashing lights or vibrating mechanisms are available for people with hearing difficulties.

Testing and Maintenance

Alarm batteries should be tested once a month and replaced twice a year when the alarm "chirps," indicating a low battery. If your alarm is 10 years or older, it should be replaced.

Vacuum over and around your alarm regularly without removing the alarm's cover to remove dust that may cause false alarms or delay activation.